Endodontics - From Basics to Expert

Theory:

Working with the dental operative microscope:

• Components of the dental microscope.
• Ergonomics when working with a dental microscope.
• Assistance when working with a dental microscope.
• Documentation when working with a dental microscope.
• Maintenance of the dental microscope.

Endodontic diagnostics:

• Diagnostic steps, criteria and examinations.
• Diagnosis and differential diagnoses of pulpal and periapical diseases.
• Difficult differential diagnoses.
• Treatment plan. Radiographic and СВСТ diagnostics.
• Patient documentation.

Practice:

• Familiarization with dental operating microscope.
• Adjusting dental operating microscope – parfocal adjustment.
• Positioning of the clinician relative to the working field and the manipulation.
• Practice of fine motor skills under the microscope – drawing figures (from larger to smaller).
• Exercise of movements with dental operating microscope on a typodont.
• СВСТ diagnostics – working with software and analysis.
• Solving clinical cases – clarifying the diagnosis and creating a treatment plan – discussion.

Theory:

Preendodontic restorations – types, techniques and materials for their fabrication.

• Isolation of the operative field with rubber dam.
• Familiarization with the isolation instrumentarium.
• Clamps – types and application.
• Isolation techniques – single tooth, segment.
• Split-dam technique – why, when and how to apply.
• Preendodontic restorations of severely damaged teeth.
• Creation of a traditional endodontic access with localization of the orifices and root canals under magnification.
• Creation of a conservative endodontic access with localization of the orifices and root canals under magnification.
• Creation of an ultraconservative endodontic access with localization of the orifices and root canals under magnification.

Endodontic access – from traditional to conservative approach

• Types of endodontic access.
• Principles in the preparation of endodontic access.
• Instrumentarium for endodontic access.
• Rules for locating orifices and root canals.
• Conservative endodontic access – rules and methods of preparation.
• Ultra-conservative endodontic access – rules and methods of preparation.

Practice:

• Practicing placement of the rubber dam in different areas of the dentition in the maxilla and mandible.
• Isolation of a single tooth, segment and split-dam technique.
• Creation of endodontic access - classical and conservative approach for all tooth groups (work on extracted teeth).

Endodontic access, shaping, disinfection and obturation of root canals – a critical analysis of current techniques will be made, participants will prepare a traditional, conservative and ultra-conservative access and will obturate the canals with all contemporary methods.

Theory:

Three-dimensional root canal preparation

• Endodontic instrumentation - types of instruments, properties, application.
• Root canal instrumentation techniques.
• Creating a glide path - types and methods.
• Manual root canal instrumentation techniques - why, when and how.
• Fully mechanical protocol for root canal preparation.
• Management of curved root canals – preoperative analysis, tools and working technique.

Disinfection of root canals – contemporary approaches.

• Irrigation solutions – advantages and disadvantages.
• Protocols for root canal disinfection.
• Techniques for activation of the solutions.
• Root canal medication – agents and application.
• Laser disinfection of the endodontic space.

Obturation of root canals:

• Methods and materials for root canal obturation
• Indications for the different obturation methods.
• Single-cone technique for filling root canals - indications and application techniques.
• Warm obturation methods for root canals – continuous wave of condensation and squirting technique – indications and application techniques.
• Cleaning of the pulp chamber and adhesive barrier.
• Filling of root canals – single-cone technique (bioceramic sealer, gutta-percha); obturation with warm methods - continuous wave of condensation and squirting technique.

Practice:

• Work is planned on plastic teeth/blocks and on extracted teeth from all tooth groups.
• Preliminary coronal enlargement.
• Creation of a machine-driven glide path.
• Mechanical preparation of root canals.
• Disinfection of root canals – passive ultrasonic activation; laser-assisted disinfection.

Obturation of root canals:

• Methods and materials for root canal obturation.
• Indications for the different obturation methods.
• Single-cone technique for filling root canals - indications and application techniques.
• Warm obturation methods for root canals – continuous wave of condensation and squirting technique – indications and application techniques.
• Cleaning of the pulp chamber and adhesive barrier.
• Filling of root canals – single-cone technique (bioceramic sealer, gutta-percha); obturation with warm methods - continuous wave of condensation and squirting technique.

Theory:

• Retreatment - indications, developing a treatment plan, documentation
• Endodontic access - basic principles for endodontically treated teeth
• Locating the orifices.
• Removal of radicular posts – metal and fiberglass.
• Removal of various types of root canal fillings – medicaments, technique, strategies and approaches.
• Overcoming and removing ledges.
• Overcoming and preventing apical blockages.
• Negotiating calcified root canals.
• Strategies for negotiating and preparing curved root canals.

Practice:

• Removal of metal radicular pins.
• Removal of fiberglass radicular posts.
• Removal of canal filling and cements from the root canals.
• Removal of ledges at different levels in the root canals.
• Removal of apical blockages.

Theory:

• Endodontic instrumentation - properties, application and differences of the various alloys
• Causes of separation of endodontic instruments and prevention.
• Bypass, removal, monitoring - choice of treatment approach
• Techniques for bypassing separated canal instruments – step by step.
• Techniques for removing separated canal instruments: microtube technique, ultrasonic technique, braiding technique.

Practice:

• Practice of the microtube technique for removing separated endodontic instruments from root canals.
• Practice of the ultrasonic technique for removing separated endodontic instruments from root canals.
• Practice of the braiding technique for removing separated endodontic instruments from root canals.
• Bypass of a separated instrument.

Theory:

• Perforations and resorptions, teeth with open apex - basic theoretical knowledge.
• Etiology, classifications, prognosis of the diseases.
• Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
• Treatment methods - types, selection and application.
• Selection of material for treatment of perforations and resorptions.
• MTA – working technique.
• Bioceramics – types, properties, advantages and disadvantages.
• Bioceramics – working techniques, clinical approaches.
• Ultrasonic condensation of biosilicate cements.
• Matrix technique (with a plug of resorbable material) for use with open apex and perforations.
• Multidisciplinary approaches.
• Biological treatment - selection of material and working technique for direct and indirect pulp capping.

Practice:

• Working technique with MTA – dosing, mixing and placement in the root canal.
• Working technique with biosilicate cements – dosing, mixing and placement in the root canal.
• Ultrasonic condensation of biosilicate cements – working technique.
• Fabrication of an apical plug from bioceramic in teeth with incomplete root development (with a collagen matrix).
• Treatment of a tooth with a perforation in the furcation area and furcation lesion - matrix technique.
• Biological treatment in case of communication with the pulp – preparation of medicament, capping and obturation of the cavity.
• Biological treatment for deep caries without communication with the pulp through ex tempore preparation of medicament.